Code and Symbol

When you are working long enough with Windows you will know that using shortcut keys in Windows will save you a lot of time, thus increasing productivity.

There are some common shortcut keys where it will work in all Windows application and specific shortcut keys where only works when you are using particular program/application.

Below is common windows shortcut keys:

Windows+D
To go to Desktop from any application without the need to minimize application one by one, I use this a lot, it’s very good.

CTRL+0 Internet Browser (IE, Chrome, Firefox)
Will make you back to 100% view, if you found that your webpage text too small or too large the view percentage has changed from 100%.

CTRL+C
Copy highlighted text /picture to memory, nothing will happen with the original text.

CTRL+X
Copy and delete highlighted text/picture to memory, original text /picture will be deleted. You will use this key combination to move the location of the text.

CTRL+V
Will paste the last result of CTRL+C and CTRL+V to the current cursor location.

CTRL+S
Save active documents same as click File and Save.

PrtSc
Capture desktop to the memory, you will need to CTRL+V in the Paint or other image processing application.

ALT+TAB
Capture only active window to memory/clipboard, you will need to CTRL+V in the Paint, photoshop, or other image processing application.

Although Windows 10 is fully GUI operating system, it still keep the best command of the command prompt. It still very useful for many people to do a specific task.
Run command prompt under administrator privilege for the best result. Click search button, type command prompt (don’t press enter key yet), right click and choose run as administrator.

Start command prompt in administrator rights

Below is a complete list of command prompt in Windows 10 and some example of usage if any.

List of command prompt commands in Windows 10

ASSOC          

Displays or modifies file extension associations.

ATTRIB         

Displays or changes file attributes.

BREAK          

Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.

BCDEDIT        

Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.

CACLS          

Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.

CALL           

Calls one batch program from another.

CD             

Displays the name of or changes the current directory.

CHCP           

Displays or sets the active code page number.

CHDIR          

Displays the name of or changes the current directory.

CHKDSK         

Checks a disk and displays a status report.

CHKNTFS        

Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.

CLS            

Clears the screen.

CMD            

Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.

COLOR          

Sets the default console foreground and background colors.

COMP           

Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.

COMPACT        

Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.

CONVERT        

Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the current drive.

COPY          

Copies one or more files to another location.

DATE           

Displays or sets the date.

DEL            

Deletes one or more files.

DIR           

Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.

DISKPART       

Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.

DOSKEY         

Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.

DRIVERQUERY    

Displays current device driver status and properties.

ECHO           

Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.

ENDLOCAL       

Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.

ERASE          

Deletes one or more files.

EXIT           

Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).

FC             

Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.

FIND           

Searches for a text string in a file or files.

FINDSTR        

Searches for strings in files.

FOR            

Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.

FORMAT         

Formats a disk for use with Windows.

FSUTIL         

Displays or configures the file system properties.

FTYPE          

Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.

GOTO           

Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.

GPRESULT       

Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.

GRAFTABL       

Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.

HELP           

Provides Help information for Windows commands.

ICACLS         

Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.

IF             

Performs conditional processing in batch programs.

LABEL          

Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.

MD             

Creates a directory.

MKDIR          

Creates a directory.

MKLINK         

Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links

MODE           

Configures a system device.

MORE           

Displays output one screen at a time.

MOVE           

Moves one or more files from one directory to another
               directory.

OPENFILES     

Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.

PATH           

Displays or sets a search path for executable files.

PAUSE          

Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.

POPD           

Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.

PRINT          

Prints a text file.

PROMPT         

Changes the Windows command prompt.

PUSHD          

Saves the current directory then changes it.

RD             

Removes a directory.

RECOVER        

Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.

REM            

Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.

REN            

Renames a file or files.

RENAME         

Renames a file or files.

REPLACE        

Replaces files.

RMDIR          

Removes a directory.

ROBOCOPY       

Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees

SET            

Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.

SETLOCAL       

Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.

SC             

Displays or configures services (background processes).

SCHTASKS       

Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.

SHIFT          

Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.

SHUTDOWN

Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.

SORT           

Sorts input.

START          

Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.

SUBST          

Associates a path with a drive letter.

SYSTEMINFO     

Displays machine specific properties and configuration.

TASKLIST       

Displays all currently running tasks including services.

TASKKILL       

Kill or stop a running process or application.

TIME           

Displays or sets the system time.

TITLE          

Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.

TREE           

Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.

TYPE           

Displays the contents of a text file.

VER            

Displays the Windows version.

VERIFY         

Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.

VOL            

Displays a disk volume label and serial number.

XCOPY          

Copies files and directory trees.

WMIC           

Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.
If you need list of command prompt in Windows XP, click here.

Ever wonder how your computer can translate your command or text into their language (Binary)?
What your computer does is translated your text into ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) code, then translated it into Binary. For example, when I type Yunar, it will translate first into

Text to ASCII symbol

Y=89 u=117 n=110 a=97 r=114

ASCII into Binary value

Y=89= ‭01011001‬
u=117= ‭01110101‬
n=110=  ‭01101110‬
a=97= ‭01100001‬
r=114= ‭01110010‬

Binary to ASCII :

1      1     1     1   1  1   1  1
128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1 = 255

0      0     0     0     0    0   0  0

Choose DEC, now any numbers you type in the calculator will be translated into Binary, Octex, or Hexadecimal

Seems not a very long time ago when I remember hard disk with the capacity of 40 megabytes is huge. Now 500 gigabytes hard disk considered as minimum capacity in the market. That is 12,500x from 40 megabytes.

• 1 bit is 0 or 1 in biner numbers
• 1 byte is 8 bits, 1 character is 1 byte
• 1 kilobyte is 1024 bytes
• 1 megabyte is 1,024 kilobytes or 1,048,576 bytes
• 1 gigabyte is 1,024 megabytes or 1,048,576 kilobytes or 1,073,741,824 bytes
• 1 terabyte is 1024 gigabyte or 1,048,576 megabytes or 1,073,741,824 kilobytes or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes

• 1 petabyte is 1024 terabytes or 1,048,576 gigabytes or 1,073,741,824 megabytes or 1,099,511,627,776  kilobytes or 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes.
• 1 exabyte is 1,024 petabytes or 1,048,576 terabytes or 1,073,741,824 gigabytes or 1,099,511,627,776 megabytes or 1,125,899,906,842,624 kilobytes or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes
• 1 zettabyte is  1024 exabyte is 1,048,576 petabytes or 1,073,741,824 terabytes or 1,099,511,627,776 gigabytes or 1,125,899,906,842,624 megabytes or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 kilobytes or 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 bytes
• 1 yottabyte is 1,024 zettabyte is  1,048,576 exabyte is 1,073,741,824 petabytes or 1,099,511,627,776 terabytes or 1,125,899,906,842,624 gigabytes or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 megabytes or 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 kilobytes or 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 bytes
• 1 brontobyte 1,024 yottabyte is 1,048,576 zettabyte is  1,073,741,824 exabyte is 1,099,511,627,776 petabytes or 1,125,899,906,842,624 terabytes or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 gigabytes or 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 megabytes or 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 kilobytes or 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 bytes
• 1 gegobyte 1,024 brontobyte 1,048,576 yottabyte is 1,073,741,824 zettabyte is  1,099,511,627,776 exabyte is 1,125,899,906,842,624 petabytes or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 terabytes or 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 gigabytes or 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 megabytes or 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 kilobytes or 1,267,650,600,228,229,401,496,703,205,376 bytes

Also read:
Text to Binary and Binary to Text, This is How A Computer Translate Your Text to Their Language

On Microsoft Word, if you need to write Á or other letters, just press CTRL key, hold and press Apostrophe key, release both keys and then press A key. The same for other letters like IUEO.

If you want to write on your blog just copy from Word to your blog editor, maybe there another keys combination in your blog editor but instead of remembering different keys combination I prefer to copy and paste from Microsoft Word.

To type À or other vocal letter, just press CTRL key, hold and press Tilde key(~), release both keys and then press A key. 

The timing is very important I need several times exercise to type the correct accent character but after that is easy to type correctly.

To type Â or another vocal letter,  just press CTRL+SHIFT keys, hold and press Caret key(^), release all keys and then press A key.

If you need to change the color of a website you will need to know the HTML code for that color. Below is the list of HTML color code.

If you are using Photoshop you can also know what the code is:

More hexadecimal color codes

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When there is an error with the Computer, it usually gives a startup beeps code that you can diagnose and follow up, sometimes we don’t understand what the beep means.

These beeps also known as beep POST (Power On System Test) error code.
Every BIOS manufacturer gives different beeps code and below are several leading BIOS manufacturer like AMI, AWARD, and PHOENIX.

AMI BIOS POST Beeps Code

AWARD BIOS POST Beeps Code

Read:
HTML color code
Command prompt in Windows 10

This article will discuss the space code used in HTML that will not break the code itself. Normally when we use a normal space in HTML it will break the script thus it will not run and generating an error. There are some code for space we can use to avoid this, let’s see how…

Space in HTML – &nbps; is a non-breaking space code usually used in HTML. If you are using space character without code.   it will break the code, thus the program cannot read the command correctly.

To create fixed space you also can use code   it will also create a non-breaking space that will not break the code by word-wrap. To add the code you must edit in HTML mode, not WYSIWIG mode.

In the internet browser if we ad more than one space it will only left one space. If you want to add more than one space then you have to use %20 code, this is also a non-breaking code.

So if you want 5 spaces you can write %20 %20 %20 %20 %20 the spaces will intact and not break the code.

This is the Special HTML codes including   

How To Edit HTML file

HTML code or the file can be edited using notepad. Right click on the html file you want to edit, choose open with (hover the mouse pointer) it will open another menu, choose notepad.

For a better interface I usually using Notepad++, the editor will make the user easier in editing html code or other code as it is visually better than normal notepad.

It has a different color for the code, and the meta tag and other HTML syntax easier to trace and to spot if we have a mistake in our coding. The best part is Notepad ++ is a free software.

Not only HTML Notepad++ is also works best for editing a PHP or asp file or another code file.

Use of   in  a HTML file

Another form of space in HTML is %20. When the file name “HTML sample file.html” opened in the internet browser, it will replace the space with &20

Non-breaking Space

Space that will not break the code is called non-breaking space. When there is a space breaking in code then the code will not run correctly as it will become 2 codes instead of 1.

The most common implementation of non-breaking code is in the Internet browser. You will never see an URL using space it will replace by %20

What is HTML:

Hyper Text Markup Language or HTML is a standard markup language for web pages. HTML pages are build from elements of HTML that represented by tags <>

What is PHP:

PHP is a recursive acronym for Hypertext Preprocessor. PHP is open-source and a general-purpose of scripting language that can be embedded into HTML.

What PHP can do?

PHP’s main purpose is server-side scripting that can be used to collect form data, send and receive cookies or generate a page with dynamic content and can do more anything you want to.

Sample of PHP script:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Example</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <?php
            echo "Hi, this is a PHP script sample!";
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

What is ASP?

ASP is a PHP version from Microsoft.
Active Server Pages (ASP) is a server-side engine script to generate dynamic web pages. Released in Dec 1996, later superseded by ASP.NET in January 2002.

What ASP can do?

ASP can retrieve data on the database by sending a query to the ASP engine, then the server sends the output back to the user, and many more, just like PHP.

ASP script sample

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>ASP can produce plain text:</p>
<%response.write("Hi, sample of ASP script generating plain text!")%>
</body>
</html>

Read also:

Computer beeps code
HTML color code

Checkmark is a symbol that some times we use but not available directly on the keyboard. To display a checkmark we need to use alt code. The alt code for the checkmark is ALT+251. The alternative way is to use the character map ( if you are not connected to the internet) or use a website like Emojipedia.org to copy a checkmark to your computer using any application.

Are you looking for √ (Checkmark) alt code?

You have to use a keyboard that has a numeric keypad usually, almost all desktop keyboards had a numeric keypad. Today’s laptop is very rare having a numeric keypad, to overcome this you can use USB external keyboard or an on-screen keyboard.

To insert a checkmark in Excell, Windord, or Powerpoint (Microsoft Office Family). Insert Object and choose Wingdings font. Wingdings is in the default list font of Windows so you will find it without the need to add the font.

You will find a checkmark symbol at the end of symbol list along with other useful symbols like an arrow, windows logo, cross-check and more.

Read also:
HTML space code
BIOS beeps code

Insert Checkmark on Notepad

Notepad is the one that I find hard to insert a checkmark. I found a way to produce chekmark in a very easy way.

Using character map

Character map is included in Windows. Click the Start button and type character map and windows will suggest you character map, you just need to click it. I cannot find Checkmark but I found Square root and I use it 🙂

Find and click the Square root, click the Select button and click the Copy button.

On the Notepad, paste and you get the Checkmark (Square root).

 

Insert Checkmark on any application

This is the easiest way but requires the internet to finish the job. You can insert the Checkmark on almost any application Except on command prompt.

Open https://emojipedia.org/ and search for Checkmark, click on the result, click Copy button, after that you can paste the Checkmark on any application.

I hope you found my article is useful please share using the button below, thank you.